Do engine oil additives really work?
What Are Engine Oil Additives ?
Engine Oil additives Does really work, These are specialized chemical compounds designed to enhance the lubrication properties of base oil, which is also known as oil “base stock.” These additives are crucial components in the formulation of various oils, as they can significantly improve the performance and longevity of the oil.
In the manufacturing process, different oils can share the same base stock, but they can have distinct additive compositions tailored to their specific applications. The selection of additives is a critical factor, as they can comprise up to 5% of the oil’s weight.
It is important to note that nearly all commercial motor oils, whether synthetic or petroleum-based, contain additives. The only exception to this rule is the American Petroleum Institute (API) Service SA motor oils, which do not contain any additives. However, these oils are not suitable for modern engines, as they lack the necessary protection and performance enhancements provided by additives.
The choice of additives depends on the special or desired application of the oil. For example, the oil used in a diesel engine with direct injection in a pickup truck (API Service CJ-4) will have different additives compared to the oil used in a small gasoline-powered outboard motor on a boat (2-cycle engine oil).
Why To Use Engine Oil Additives ?
For Viscosity
Viscosity modifiers are essential additives that contribute to the performance of oil by enhancing its viscosity index (VI), particularly at elevated temperatures. This prevents the oil from thinning out excessively at high temperatures, ensuring optimal lubrication under various operating conditions.
By incorporating viscosity modifiers, manufacturers can formulate oils with lower viscosity that still meet the required specifications. This not only improves the oil’s low-temperature fluidity but also ensures sufficient viscosity at operating temperatures. Most multi-grade oils contain viscosity modifiers, although some synthetic oils are designed to meet multi-grade standards without them. These modifiers are often plastic polymers.
In any application, the viscosity of the oil is a critical factor that determines its suitability. As oils are used, they naturally degrade, leading to a decrease in viscosity over time. Eventually, this degradation necessitates the replacement of the oil to maintain optimal performance.
Pour point depressants are another type of additive that enhances the oil’s flowability at lower temperatures. This is particularly important in cold climates where oils can become too thick and hinder proper lubrication. By lowering the pour point, these additives ensure that the oil remains fluid even in colder conditions, allowing for smooth operation and effective lubrication.
For Lubricity
Friction modifiers, also known as friction reducers, play a crucial role in oil formulations, such as molybdenum disulfide (LiquiMoly), by specifically aiming to boost engine fuel economy through minimizing friction between moving parts.These additives alter the lubricity of the base oil, ensuring smoother operation and reduced wear and tear.
One such innovative oil additive is Tribo TEX, which consists of nanoparticle flakes that can be observed under an electron microscope. These tiny particles contribute to extreme pressure agents that bond to metal surfaces, preventing them from touching even under high pressure conditions. Additionally, anti-wear or wear-inhibiting additives create a protective film around metal parts, effectively keeping them separated and reducing friction.
Other Methods
Another advanced technology involves the use of nanoparticles that form diamond-like carbon coatings. These coatings improve embeddability and can achieve super lubricity, significantly reducing wear and tear on engine components. Developed in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, this technology serves as the foundation for the TriboTEX product, which has been showcased in NASA Spinoff Magazine for its ability to reduce and repair wear.
Furthermore, inorganic Fullerene-like Tungsten Disulfide (IF-WS2) nanoparticles have been discovered to provide extreme lubricity, anti-friction, and high impact resistance. These particles, developed by Professor Reshef Tenne at the Weizmann Institute of Science, feature a unique hollow sphere morphology, making them exceptionally effective under extreme pressure or load conditions. IF-WS2 particles are available in dry powder form and as dispersions in oil, water, and solvent, making them versatile additives suitable for various lubricants, greases, metalworking fluids, coatings, paints, and polymers.
For Contaminant Control
In the realm of oil formulation, it’s essential to address the unintentional introduction of metal particles due to wear, which can be detrimental to the overall performance of the oil. These metal particles and impurities are typically removed in situ using either magnets or oil filters, ensuring that the oil remains free from large metal contaminants.
To further enhance the oil’s effectiveness, dispersants are employed to keep contaminants such as soot suspended in the oil, preventing them from coagulating and causing damage to the engine. Additionally, anti-foam agents, also known as defoamants, play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the oil by inhibiting the production of air bubbles and foam, which can lead to a loss of lubrication, pitting, and corrosion when they come into contact with metal surfaces.
Another important additive is anti misting agents, which prevent the atomization of the oil. Silicones are commonly used as anti misting agents, ensuring that the oil remains in its intended form and does not disperse into tiny droplets.
Lastly, wax crystal modifiers serve as dewaxing aids, improving the oil filter’s ability to separate wax from oil. While this type of additive is primarily used in the refining and transport of oil, it is not typically found in lubricant formulations.
For Controlling Chemical Breakdown
- Metal Deactivators – which create a film on metal surfaces to prevent the metal from causing the oil to be oxidized.
- Antioxidants – additives retard the degradation of the oil stock by Oxidation. Typical additives are organic Amines and Phenols
- Corrosion or Rust inhibiting additives retard the oxidation of metals inside an engine.
- Detergent additives clean and neutralize oil impurities that would normally cause deposits on vital engine parts. Typical detergents are magnesium sulfonates.
How Much Engine Oil Additive Should I use?
Oil Additive is suitable for all commercially available motor oils in gasoline and diesel engines with and without diesel particulate filters (DPF). The dosage of Oil Additive should be 3-5% of the oil filling quantity.
You can use oil additives at any time, even between oil changes. However, be careful not to exceed the maximum oil filling quantity, including the additive.
The usage of the engine oil additives solely depends upon the manufacturer’s guide book and according to that you may have to use it in a certain quantity, adding more of it would become a menace to the engines overall performance and life over a long period of time.
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FAQs
Engine oil additives enhance the performance of engine oil by improving its lubrication properties, protecting engine components, and extending the oil’s lifespan.
In most cases, modern engine oils contain a well-balanced blend of additives that meet the required performance standards. However, in certain situations, such as for specific engine types or operating conditions, additional additives may be beneficial.
Some additives, such as friction modifiers, can reduce friction between engine components, potentially improving fuel economy. However, the overall impact on fuel economy can vary depending on the specific additives used and the engine’s condition.
While some additives claim to improve engine performance, including horsepower, the actual effect is often minimal. It’s important to consult with a mechanic or expert before using additives for performance enhancement.
Engine oil additives are not a substitute for proper maintenance or repairs. While they may offer temporary solutions to certain issues, they cannot fix underlying mechanical problems.
Generally, reputable engine oil additives are safe for use with modern engines. However, it’s essential to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and avoid overuse.
Using some engine oil additives may void the manufacturer’s warranty, especially if the vehicle manufacturer does not approve or recommend them. It’s crucial to check the warranty terms before using additives.
Many additives, such as anti-wear agents, specifically reduce engine wear and extend the lifespan of engine components. However, their effectiveness may vary depending on the engine’s condition and operating conditions.
While some additives claim to stop oil leaks, it’s essential to address the root cause of the leak, such as worn gaskets or seals. Using additives as a temporary fix may not solve the underlying issue.
It’s essential to consider factors such as the engine type, operating conditions, and the specific issue you’re trying to address. Consulting with a mechanic or expert can help you choose the right additives for your needs.